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What condition must a progressing cavity pump intake be in for safe operation when pumping sludge?

  1. Open to the atmosphere

  2. Partially submerged

  3. Submerged

  4. Above the surface level

The correct answer is: Submerged

For a progressing cavity pump to operate safely and effectively when pumping sludge, it must be in a condition where the intake is submerged. This is critical because a submerged intake ensures that the pump is adequately primed with the sludge, preventing air from entering the system. If air were to infiltrate the pump, it could lead to cavitation, which can damage the pump and impair its performance. Additionally, a submerged intake helps maintain a constant supply of the material being pumped, ensuring a smooth flow through the pump's rotor and stator. This consistent flow is essential for maintaining pressure and performance levels, especially in applications involving viscous materials such as sludge. In contrast, other conditions, such as being open to the atmosphere, partially submerged, or above the surface level, do not provide the necessary conditions for optimal functioning of a progressing cavity pump, potentially leading to operational issues such as air entrapment and inconsistent flow.